# Naja Tripudians

## Remedy Classification
- **Type:** Homeopathic Remedy
- **Miasm:** Psoric Miasm
- **Temperament:** Chilly
- **Aggravation Time:** Night

## Keynote Indications
P. C. Majumdar noted that cobra poison had been used by Indian practitioners from ancient 
times in many nervous and blood diseases. Naja, is not a hemorrhagic or septic medicine like Lach, and Crot-
h. 
Naja, produces a typical bulbar paralysis. Causes no hemorrhage but only edema, hence the victims of this 
reptile frequently bear very little sign of external injury, the only indication is often a small scratch or puncture. 
The tissue lying beneath the wound is colored dark purple and a large quantity of viscid, blood-like fluid collects 
in the 
vicinity of the wound. The first symptom is an intense burning pain at the bite. There is an interval, usually an 
hour, before other symptoms develop, after which they develop rapidly. 
A feeling of intoxication is produced, followed by a loss of power over the limbs. Loss of speech, swallowing 
and the control over the movement of the lips. Saliva is ejected in large quantities. The respiration gradually 
becomes slower and slower and at length ceases. Victim remains conscious throughout.  
 
 
The action of Naja, settles around the heart, hypertrophy and valvu lar diseases. Affects medulla and 
cerebellum, respiration, throat, ovary. Diseases primarily depending upon degeneration of motor cells. Sepsis. 
Nervous, excited and tremulous with heart disorders, ojien reflex. Marked surg ing of blood upwards. 
Heart is e nlarged. Affections of heart with paucity of symp toms. Organs seem to be drawn together. 
Constrictions in chest, throat. Concomitant with the heart symptoms are pain in forehead and temples. 
Collapse. Swooning fits. 
Feeling of intoxication. Loss of power over limbs and sphincters, unable to speak. Marked dyspnea, inability 
to lie on left side. Insensible right side. Left sided symptoms. Very susceptible to cold. Sensation of wast ing 
away. Burnings as of hot irons. Screwed up sensation.

## Modalities (Aggravations / Ameliorations)
Great relief of pain and breath ing by lying on right side. Better from walking or riding in open 
air, sneezing, smoking. Worse from stimulants, alcohol, cold air, drafts, riding in carriage, touch, pressure of 
clothes. Worse lying on left side, after sleep, after menses. Headache worse at 3 p.m.

## Symptoms by System

### Mind
- Absent-mindedness.
- Very forgetful.
- Stupid and confused feeling.
- Irresolution, mdecision.
- Wandering 
of the mind.
- Brood- ng, over imaginary troubles and disease.
- Blurred speech.
- Insensible and speechless.
- Aphasia.
- Aversion to talking.
- Affected easily by wine or alcoholic drinks.
- Nervous, excited and tremulous.
- Wantof self confidence.
- Anxiety from pain in heart region.
- Forebodings.
- Hypochondria.
- Fear of death, disease, being incurable, rain, accidents, misfortune.
- Dreads to be left alone.
- Feels anguish for others.
- Anguish from pain in abdomen.
- Melancholy.
- Sorrow felt in the heart.
- Depressed, as if everything were done wrong and could not be rectified.
- Depressed with distress 
about sexual organs, better in evening.
- Despair with the pains.
- Loathing of life.
- Suicidal disposition (Aur.).
- Ailments from grief.
- Insanity.
- Antagonism with self.
- Confu sion as to his identity.
- Sensation of duality.
- Delirium during fevers, with 
meningitis, typhus, typhoid fever.
- Sees images, phantoms.
- Delusion that he is a failure, that he has neglected 
his duty, that he is being injured.
- Consciousness almost lost.
- Comatose.
- Absent-mindedness.
- Very forgetful.
- Stupid and confused feeling.
- Irresolution, mdecision.
- Wandering 
of the mind.
- Brood- ng, over imaginary troubles and disease.
- Blurred speech.
- Insensible and speechless.
- Aphasia.
- Aversion to talking.
- Affected easily by wine or alcoholic drinks.
- Nervous, excited and tremulous.
- Wantof self confidence.
- Anxiety from pain in heart region.
- Forebodings.
- Hypochondria.
- Fear of death, disease, being incurable, rain, accidents, misfortune.
- Dreads to be left alone.
- Feels anguish for others.
- Anguish from pain in abdomen.
- Melancholy.
- Sorrow felt in the heart.
- Depressed, as if everything were done wrong and could not be rectified.
- Depressed with distress 
about sexual organs, better in evening.
- Despair with the pains.
- Loathing of life.
- Suicidal disposition (Aur.).
- Ailments from grief.
- Insanity.
- Antagonism with self.
- Confu sion as to his identity.
- Sensation of duality.
- Delirium during fevers, with 
meningitis, typhus, typhoid fever.
- Sees images, phantoms.
- Delusion that he is a failure, that he has neglected 
his duty, that he is being injured.
- Consciousness almost lost.
- Comatose.

### Vertigo
- Vertigo, lasting a short time, followed by astounding pain in right side of head.
- COMMENTS - Naja, was introduced into homeopathy by Russell and Stokes, who made the first provings 
along with some forty other provers including Gillow, Pope and Drysdale.
- Provi ngs were made with low 
potencies.
- Majumdar had no success with Naja, until he obtained fresh venom from snake charmers and made potencies.
- Previously the Naja, used by Indian homeopaths had been re -imported into India from England in the form of 
potencies.
- Deane, in his experience in the plague epidemic of 1899 -1900, found Naja, prepared from the fresh venom 
more efficacious than Lach.
- Naja, has an affinity for the medulla oblongata and cerebellum.
- Heart failure and distress.
- Weak valves with 
regurgitations, stenosis, prolapse.
- Acute and chronic endocarditis.
- Heart damage after infectious diseases.
- Low blood pressure.
- Fluttering palpitation sensations outside the chest.
- Depression and weakness about the 
heart.
- Inability to speak with choking, nervous chronic palpitations.
- Pulse is slow, irregular.
- Severe pains in left temple, cardiac and ovarian region.
- Diphtheria with impending paralysis of heart.
- Sensation 
of weight, of a hot iron, on the chest.
- Sensation as if heart and ovary were drawn together.
- Pains about heart extending to nape of neck, left shoulder and arm with anxiety and fear of death.
- Neuralgic pain in head, preceded or followed by nausea or vomiting.
- Severe throbbing in left orbital region 
drawing back to occiput, from over -eating, mental or physical exertion.
- Headache after cessa tion of menses.
- Dull, heavy constriction in forehead on waking.
- Characteristic grasping at the throat with choking sensations.
- Esophageal spasms.
- Worse at night, patient 
wakes gasping, surface blue.
- Worse by lying on left side.
- Useful for snake bites (Lach.).
- According to Hering, nervous phenomena predominate in Naja, over other serpent poisons.
- It acts primarily 
upon the nervous system, especially on respiratory nerves, pneumogastric and glossopharyngeal.
- Majumdar related the case of a young woman suffering from a heart affection who had oppression of the chest 
amounting almost to suffocation, feeble, irregular, almost imperceptible pulse, anemic appearance, inability to 
speak.
- One dose of Naja, was given, followed four hours later by a second.
- These sufficed for the cure.
- The next day, 
when the doctor called, his patient addressed him in a loud voice, “Doctor, you gave me a poison last night.” 
When asked to explain, she said that after the first dose she “felt awful heat in her system.” 
Majumdar saved a number of apparently hopeless cases of cholera with Naja, in the collapse stage with lack 
of pulse and difficulty of breathing.
- In a case cured by Russell there was dragging and anxiety in the précordia occurring in great grief.
- Andrew M.
- Neatby related a cure with Naja.
- 6c that had nervous palpitations and faintness, frequent sensation 
of swelling, of “choking” in the throat, with dyspnea and occasionally of anesthesia down the right side.
- Mahlon Preston cured himself with Naja.
- 30c of asthma with difficult breathing, worse lying down, better sitting 
up.
- He cured many 
cases of hay fever and autumnal catarrh that had a flow of water from the nose for a few minutes, then intense 
sneezing, which relieved the breathing.
- After recurring for a few days, there is dryness in the lungs with great 
difficulty of breathing, worse on lying down.
- Bunn cured the case of Miss S., 22, who had dysmenorrhea since her menses were established.
- Dilatation, 
galvanism., etc., had been tried in vain.
- She had shooting pain in the region of the left ovary and faintness.
- Hypogastrium revealed nothing abnormal except sensitiveness of the ovarian region.
- Extreme restlessness with the pain.
- Dur ing the menses the pains sudd enly became very severe.
- The flow 
stopped when the pain was at its worst and returned the next day with relief from pain.
- Naja.
- 30c was given 
and the next period passed absolutely free from discomfort.

### Head
- Pain in forehead and temples with heart symptoms.
- Pain in left temple and in left orbital region,  
extending to occiput with nausea and vomiting.
- Severe throb bing and aching in temples.
- Constriction across 
forehead.
- Severe head ache with intense depression.
- Headache superven ing on cessation of menses.
- Neuralgic headache extending backwards from orbital region.
- Shooting up occiput.
- Vertex sensitive to cold.
- Aching in vertex with cold feet.
- Feeling as of a blow from behind on head  and neck.
- Sensation as if brain 
was loose.
- Entire head feels hollow.
- Confusion and dullness in head in morning.
- Sensitiveness of scalp.
- Hair 
falls off the vertex Pain in forehead and temples with heart symptoms.
- Pain in left temple and in left orbital region,  
extending to occiput with nausea and vomiting.
- Severe throb bing and aching in temples.
- Constriction across 
forehead.
- Severe head ache with intense depression.
- Headache superven ing on cessation of menses.
- Neuralgic headache extending backwards from orbital region.
- Shooting up occiput.
- Vertex sensitive to cold.
- Aching in vertex with cold feet.
- Feeling as of a blow from behind on head  and neck.
- Sensation as if brain 
was loose.
- Entire head feels hollow.
- Confusion and dullness in head in morning.
- Sensitiveness of scalp.
- Hair 
falls off the vertex

### Eyes
- Fixed and staring, wide open and insensible to light.
- Pupils dilated.
- Loss of vision.
- Hot pains at back of 
eyeballs.
- Ptosis of both lids.
- Heaviness in eyelids.
- Lids swollen in morning.

### Ears
- Burning heat of ear.
- Otalgia.
- Chronic otorrhea, black discharges, smells like herring brine.
- Noises in 
ears.
- Whizzing in 
left ear with insipid, almost nauseous taste in mouth.
- Noise as of a mill, waking him in morning.
- Illusions of 
hearing.

### Mouth
- Great dryness of the mouth.
- Wide open, flow of saliva.
- Foaming at mouth.
- Taste insipid, bitter, sour, 
metallic.
- Tongue cold, coated thick yellow, white, dry, no thirst.
- Ulcers on frenum.
- Loss of speech.
- Nose - Hay fever with dry larynx.
- Hay asth ma.
- Flow of water from nose,  then intense sneezing which betters 
the breathing.

### Throat
- Roughness and scraping in throat.
- Soreness and pricking in left side of throat.
- Dryness and 
constriction of throat and fauces.
- Dark red color of the fauces.
- Redness of left side in morning w ith pain on 
swallowing.
- Irritation and tickling in larynx and trachea.
- Stricture of esophagus, swallowing difficult or 
impossible.
- Grasping at throat with sense of choking.
- As a lump in throat.
- Much mucus in throat.
- Shooting in 
left tonsil.

### Chest
- Constriction in chest, in evening.
- Oppressive weight on chest, as if a hot iron had been run i n.
- Uneasiness and dull, heavy pain in chest.
- Sharp pains, worse on deep inspiration.
- Ribs feel broken.
- Heavy 
pain over lower half of right chest with stabbing on deep inspiration, cannot cough for the stabbing, worse lying 
left side, better lying on affected side.
- Tenderness over sternum and in throat.
- Cough - Irritating, dry cough.
- Cough from sticky mucus and saliva.
- Cough with tight ness and fullness in 
larynx.
- Cardiac cough.
- Dry, hacking cough with blood-spitting.
- Hoarseness, short, hoarse cough.
- Acute and chronic septic endocar ditis .
- Damaged heart after infectious dis eases.
- Hypertrophy, 
weakness.
- Valvular heart disorders.
- Heart lesions  (Spong., Laur.
- ).
- Low bloodpressure  (Elaps., Vip.).
- Visible palpitations.
- Palpitations prevent speech because of choking.
- Chronic nervous palpitations, worse after 
 
 
preaching.
- Threatened paralysis of heart, body cold.
- Sharp pain in region of heart.
- Angina pains extending to 
nape of neck, left shoulder and arm with anxiety and fear of death.
- Heart symptoms with pain in forehead and 
temples.
- Dragging and anxiety in précordia.
- Feeling of weight on hear t.
- Irregular in force.
- Pulse slow, 
irregular, weak, tremulous.
- Kidneys - Uneasiness and pressure in bladder.
- Urine of deep straw color.
- Urine deposits red sediment, mixed 
with mucus, loaded with gravel and mucus.
- Labored and difficult breathing.
- Gasping for breath.
- Puffing breathing.
- Breathing very slow, shallow 
and scarcely perceptible.
- Suffocative spells after sleeping.
- (Lach.).
- Dry or empty feeling in left lung.
- Asthmatic 
constriction of chest, cannot expand lungs, followed by mucus expectoration.
- Asthma preceded by coryza, 
worse lying, better sitting up.
- Cardiac asthma.
- Expectoration of whit ish viscid mucus in morning on waking.
- Spitting of blood, which had no tendency to coagulate.

### Stomach & Abdomen
- Uneasy, disagreeable feeling in stomach, as from indigestion, pressure  as from stones after a 
meal.
- Acidity in stomach.
- Heartburn, belchings tasting like barley water or hot and foul.
- Nausea with faint 
feeling, vomiting.
- Temperature - Body cold and collapsed.
- Limbs very cold, icy coldness of feet.
- Very sensitive to cold.
- General 
sweat, cold, clammy.
- Free perspiration.
- Flushes of heat in face at different times of day, worse left side.
- Head 
hot and full of blood and much 
sweat in palms.
- Feels very uncomfortable, hot and feverish.
- Heat, but he refused wa ter, heat with prostration 
with discomfort, dry lips and tender, hot mouth.
- Aching in loins.
- Cutting, twist ing, griping pains.
- Much flatulence with rumbling and colicky pains.
- Flatulence during day, at night with pain.
- Frequent cutting i n umbilical region and small of back in afternoon, 
then profuse and sudden leucorrhea.
- Loss of appetite.
- Thirsty.
- Craving for stimulants, which aggravate.

### Urinary & Genital
- Stinging, somewhat burning pain along right side of penis, immediately under skin, at night in bed and 
in morn ing after rising.
- Increased sexual desire.
- Desire on going to bed with frequent wa king, vivid 
imaginations.
- Nocturnal emissions.
- Involuntary emissions, then prostration and distress.
- Peculiar distress, 
great desire, but no physical power, with depression.
- Pain in left groin, especially in post-operative cases, seems to be drawn to heart.
- Neuralgia of left 
ovary.
- Crampy pains in left ovary.
- Aching in left ovary with pains in heart, come on a week before menses, 
grow worse until menses appear, then easier until next month.

### Extremities
- Sudden loss of strength in limbs.
- R heumatic pains in limbs.
- Drawing, lacer ating, worse motion.
- Cramps in shoulders, nape or thighs.
- Aching in ankles, lower part of thighs, wrists and shoulder joints, on 
waking.
- Violent racking in marrow of thighs.
- Numb left arm.
- Puffy or sweating hands and feet with cough.
- Acute 
pain under the left thumb nail running up the arm.

### Neck & Back
- Rheumatic pains in neck and back.
- Cutting, aching in nape.
- Tired feeling in thoracic vertebra all day 
with burning and exhaustion.
- Shooting from inner and upper angle of left scapula to front of chest.
- Pain 
between the shoulders as if in spine afterwards involving scapula in morning on waking, worse moving arms.
- Dragging sensation in spine between shoulders.
- Acute pain in small of back, gnawing pain.
- Breasts - Milk decreased, next day returned freely, afterwards scanty.
- Occasional pain at top of both breasts.
- Causations - Ailments from anticipation, grief, sorrow.

### Skin
- Itching scars.
- Creeping, itching and tingling sensation in skin.
- Skin swollen, mottled and of dark purple, 
livid color.
- Gangrene.
- Small, white itching blisters on inflamed base, on neck, nose and body in afternoon.
- Large pimples on inflamed base.
- Pimple on upper lip, on left ala nasi, on tip of nose, sore in consequence, 
painful on brow.
- Boil-like swelling on back of middle phalanx of right little finger.
- Painful chilblains on feet.

### Sleep
- Yawning, great sleepiness.
- Dozing and moaning.
- Sleepiness in evening and weakness.
- Deep, 
profound, comatose with stertorous breathing.
- Restless, disturbed sleep.
- Long and vivid dreams, little recol -
lection of the subjects, affairs of the day recalled with additions and new plans for the morrow.
- Dreams of 
murders, suicides, fires, etc.

### Generalities
- Screwed-up sensations and crampy pains.
- As if head screwed together.
- As if heart and ovary 
were drawn up together.
- Pains in temple and  ovarian regions.
- Pain from heart to scapula.
- Sensation as if a 
hair in larynx.
- Pain as from needles in tonsil.
- The left side is predominantly affected.